Here is Mutahhari’s condensed presentation of the “argument from attributes” - the definition of Divinity and its properties leads to recognition of the necessity for God’s unity and uniqueness and the impossibility of multiple divinities. I’ve edited it down to a few lines - the full text can be found in “Fundamentals of Islamic Thought“.
From the section “The world view of Tauhid”:
“It is fundamentally impossible that God should have a likeness and in consequence that, instead of one God, we should have two or more gods, because to be multiple, twofold or more, is among the special properties of limited, relative beings. For an unlimited, absolute being, manifoldness and multiplicity have no meaning….
Because (God) is single, the universe is necessarily single in respect to its principle and source and in respect to its point of return and end… In consequence, just as God has no partner in essence, neither has He any partner in agency. Every agent and cause gains its reality, its being, its influence and agency from Him, every agent subsists by Him. All powers and all strength are by Him: ‘Whatever God intends, there is no strength except by Him - no power and no strength except by God.’ “
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THE LORD SAID TO THE PEN AND THE PEN BELONGS TO THE LOAD THE PEN WROTE AND THE INK HAS DRIED. MY ONLY SEEK ALLAH FORGIVENESS FOR MY ANY CROSSPONDESS TO YOU OR SOMEBODY ELSE ON THE INTENATE ON MY LITTLE KNOWLEDGE BUT I SAY THIS APOLOGISEING TO YOU IS AS GOOD AS APLOGISEING TO ALL MIGHTY GOD. I SAY THIS AFTER SEARCHING FOR TRUTH WHEN I CAME TO THE SAYING SALAAM MIN KULL ARM. I STOP HERE WITH TEARS IN MY EYES PLEASE FORGIVE ME ON MY ALL PAST COMMENT. ALLAH IS MY WITNESS. WA-SALAAM
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